= 10-5 × 6.022 × 1023 = 6.022 × 1018 mol-1. Answer Amorphous solids are the solids whose constituent particles are of irregular shapes and have short range order. Hence, it belongs fully to unit cell. (a) There is electrostatic force of attraction in both metallic and ionic crystals. (C.B.S.E. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Science Chemistry Chapter 1 The Solid State are provided here with simple step-by-step explanations. Gold (atomic radius = 0.144 nm) crystallises in a face centred unit cell. Why is glass considered as super cooled liquid ? CBSE NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 1 . If the gap between valence band and next higher unoccupied conduction band is large, electrons cannot jump into it and such a substance behaves as insulator. These solutions for The Solid State are extremely popular among Class 12 Science students for Chemistry The Solid State Solutions come handy for quickly completing your homework and preparing for exams. (i) ZnS Page - 1 . Sol. Solution: In this NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 1, we have discussed this chapter. type). Total charge on x Ni2+ and (98 – x) Ni3+ should NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 1 The Solid StateI Class 12 I In Best And Simple Language I Cbselearner Solid State NCERT InText Solution. 1.22. 1.20. 1.10. (C.B.S.E. Exercise Chapter 1 Class 12 Chemistry THE SOLID STATE Ncert Solutions Question 1:Define the term amorphous. Classify the following as amorphous or crystalline solids: Polyurethane, naphthalene, benzoic acid, Teflon, potassium nitrate, cellophane, polyvinyl chloride, fibreglass, copper Point Defects – The defects caused by missing or misplaced atoms or ions in the crystal. Class 12 Chemistry Notes Chapter 1 The Solid State. Moles of cation vacancy in one mole Delhi 2015) Thus Si or Ge doped with B or Al is called p-type semiconductor, p stands for positive hole, since it is the positive hole that is responsible for conduction. Quartz is the crystalline form of silica (SiO2) in which tetrahedral units SiO4 are linked with each other in such a way that the oxygen atom of one tetrahedron is shared with another Si atom. the Solid State, Liquid State and the Gaseous State. In end-centered unit cell, constituent particles are located at all the corners as well as at the centres of two opposite faces. NCERT exercises and intex questions solution are given separately. (b) Both have high melting points. Each Sr2+ will replace two Na+ ions. Ans: Crystalline solids: Benzoic acid, potassium nitrate, copper Amorphous solids: Polyurethane, Teflon, cellophane, polyvinyl chloride, fibreglass. Define the term ‘amorphous’. Since the ionic mobility is negligible in the solid state, these are non-conducting in this state. In these compounds, the bonds have ionic character. NCERT Exemplar Problems and NCERT Exemplar Solutions of Class 12 Chemistry chapter 1, Solid State are available for download. These solutions for The Solid State are extremely popular among Class 12 Science students for Chemistry The Solid State Solutions come handy for quickly completing your homework and preparing for exams. ∴ Formula of the compound is PQ. Sol. The Solid State : NCERT Solutions - Class 12 Chemistry. Hence, they are rigid. Question 19. (b) Ionic bond is strong due to strong electrostatic forces of attraction. Chapter 12: Aldehydes Ketones And Carboxylic Acids Chapter 13: Amines Chapter 14: Biomolecules Chapter 15: Polymers Chapter 16: Chemistry In Everyday Life NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry. Due to this defect density does not change, electrical conductivity increases to a small extent and there is no change in overall chemical composition of the crystal. It is a common defect in ionic compounds of high coordination number where both cations and anions are of the same size, e.g., KCl, NaCl, KBr, etc. In a monoclinic unit cell : As conduction will be due to the presence of these positive holes, hence it is a p-type semiconductor. For a face centred cubic unit cell (fcc) No. An element with molar mass 2:7 x 10, NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Chemistry The Solid State, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2, Periodic Classification of Elements Class 10, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 9, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 11, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 12, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 13, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 14, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 15, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 16, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10, Calculations Involving Unit Cell Dimensions. Let’s Take a Look. (iii) Ferrimagnetic substances : Substances which are expected to possess large magnetism on the basis of the unpaired electrons but actually have small net magnetic moment are called ferrimagnetic substances, e.g., Fe3O4, ferrites of the formula M2+Fe2O4 where M = Mg, Cu, Zn, etc. (iii) Interstitial defect : When some constituent particles (atoms or molecules) occupy an interstitial site of the crystal, it is said to have interstitial defect. MCQ Questions for Class 12 Chemistry with Answers were prepared based on the latest exam pattern. 1.2. The colour results by the excitation of electrons when they absorb energy from the visible light falling on the crystal. Answer: Solids having constituent particles with irregular shapes and short range order are called amorphous solids. Ans: Let us take an example of NaCl. 12-16 group compounds : Combination of elements of groups 12 and 16 yield some solid compounds which are referred to as 12-16 compounds. This defect is generally found in ionic crystals where anion is much larger in size than the cation, e.g., AgBr, ZnS, etc. What type of defect can arise when a solid is heated? Hence, the coordination number of the molecule is four. was last updated on 19th January 2021 Ge is group 14 element and In is group 13 element. What makes glass different from a solid such as quartz? (ii) Face-centred and end-centred unit cells. 1.14. This calculated value of density is closely in agreement with its measured value of 8.92 g cm3. Chapter 3 – Electrochemistry. ∴ Ratio of Fe3+ : O2- = 60 : 90 = 2 : 3 NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry in PDF file format to free download based on latest NCERT Books, Solutions for Class 12 (+2 PUC) Chemistry updated for new academic session 2020-2021 are given below to use free. All the solutions of The Solid State - Chemistry explained in detail by experts to help students prepare for their CBSE exams. (ii)An atom at the body centre is not shared by any other unit cell. Ferric oxide crystallises in a hexagonal dose- packed array of oxide ions with two out of every three octahedral holes occupied by ferric ions. CBSE & NCERT Chemistry Notes for Class 12 Solid State .Get Online & Offline Chapter wise video,sample paper with NCERT Solutions for class 12 Science chemistry. “The Solid State” is an important chapter in Chemistry from the examination perspective. What is the formula of the compound ? What is the two-dimensional coordination number of a molecule in a square close-packed layer? SaralStudy providing Find Free online CBSE NCERT Soutions for chapter 1 The Solid State of Class 12 Chemistry detail solutions from SaralStudy. A cubic solid is made of two elements P and Q. Book: National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) Question: 1.2 - Why do solids have a definite volume? Why are solids rigid? ∴ Moles of SrCl2 doped = 10-3 1.14 If the radius of the octahedral void is r and radius of the atoms in close-packing is R, derive relation between rand R. This property is shown by those substances whose atoms, ions or molecules contain unpaired electrons, e.g., O2, Cu2+, Fe3+, etc. Give a few examples of amorphous solids. Solution: This chemistry class 12 solution comprises sixteen chapters which contain diagrams, illustrations, theoretical questions and questions related to chemical equations. Give a few examples of amorphous solids. These sites are called F-centres. Foreign 2015) Upon melting, the ions present acquire some mobility. What can you say about the intermolecular forces between these molecules? (iv) F-Centres : These are the anionic sites occupied by unpaired electrons. Sol. Sorry!, This page is not available for now to bookmark. Ans: When a solid is heated, vacancy defect is produced in the crystal. Answer: The particles of solids are close packed and can only oscillate about their fixed positions. Give a few examples of amorphous solids. 1.21. (c) Tetrahedral void: A tetrahedral void is formed when triangular void made by three spheres of a particular layer and touching each other. Collect melting points of solid water, ethyl alcohol, diethyl ether and methane from a data book. 1.1. (ii) (a) 12 (b) 8. Students who are preparing for their Class 12 exams must go through Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions Chapter 1 The Solid State. www.embibe.com . Comment on the nature of this solid. a # b # c and α = γ = 90° and β # 90° We are surrounded by different states of matter. What is the formula of a compound […] Amorphous solids do not have a sharp melting point and melt over a range of temperature. A compound is formed by two elements M and N. The element N forms ccp and atoms of the element M occupy 1/3 of the tetrahedral voids. (i) Hexagonal and monoclinic unit cells 1.11. ∴ The formula of the compound = N3M2 or M2N3. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Science Chemistry Chapter 1 The Solid State are provided here with simple step-by-step explanations. Hence, the formula of ferric oxide is Fe2O3. (i) Face centred cubic (if) Face centred tetragonal (iii) Body centred cubic Delhi 2013), 1.6. Can you account for the fact that this substance is a p-type semiconductor? 1.15. Besides, our proficient experts of teaching have prepared these solutions. ∴ Moles of cation vacancy in 100 moles NaCI = 10-3 As a result-of this defect, density of the substances decreases. Solution: This chapter also talks about crystalline and amorphous solids, as well as imperfections in solids. (i) In metals, conductivity strongly depends upon the number of valence electrons available in an atom. 1.16. (C.B.S.E. “The Solid State” is an important chapter in Chemistry from the examination perspective. Sol. Foreign 2015), 1.18. Ans: As the solid has same value of refractive index along all directions, it is isotropic in nature and hence amorphous. Chemistry Class 12 NCERT Solutions Chapters. Ferrimagnetism arises due to the unequal number of magnetic moments in opposite direction resulting in some net magnetic moment. This will clear students doubts about any question and improve application skills while preparing for board exams. As a result, their volumes cannot change by applying pressure. Metallic bond may be strong or weak depending upon the number of valence electrons and the size of the kernels. When NaCl crystal is heated in presence of Na vapour, some Cl–ions leave their lattice sites to combine with Na to form NaCl. Ans: In the ionic solids, the electrical conductivity is due to the movement of the ions. (a) in a cubic close-packed structure? Solid states deal with arrangements of particles in solids that result in several types of structure in solids. Since 1/3rd of the tetrahedral voids are occupied by the atoms of M, therefore, (a) In hexagonal close packing (hcp), the spheres of the third layer are vertically above the spheres of the first layer Delhi 2013) Thus, we can say that when a cation of higher valence is added as an impurity to an ionic solid, two or more cations of lower valency are replaced by a cation of higher valency to maintain electrical neutrality. A group 14 element is to be converted into n-type semiconductor by doping it with a suitable impurity. 1.12. This was an introduction to Chapter 1 of Chemistry Class 12. Sol. Therefore, the ionic solids become conducting, 1.9. Solid State NCERT InText Solution. A sphere is fitted into the octahedral void as shown in the diagram. (ii) Face-centred and end-centred unit cells. It is therefore, called space lattice or crystal lattice. 1.4 (i) What is meant by the term ‘coordination number’? They are – solid, liquid and gas. To learn more access Solid State Chemistry Class 12 Notes PDF on BYJU’S. Ask your doubts through DISCUSSION FORUM of Tiwari Academy. Ionic solids, which have anionic vacancies due to metal excess defect, develop colour. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Science Chemistry Chapter 1 The Solid State are provided here with simple step-by-step explanations. NCERT Chapter 6 solutions for CBSE Class 12 Chemistry covers topics like oxidation reduction, uses of zinc, magnetic separation method for concentration of ores, hydrometallurgy of copper, etc. NCERT Solutions for Class 12-science Chemistry CBSE, 1 The Solid State. NaCI = 10-3 × 10-2 = 10-5 Then Ni present as Ni3+ = 98 – x Chapter 2 – Solutions. (i) In a hexagonal unit cell : (b) Crystal lattice: It deplicts the actual shape as well as size of the constituent particles in the crystal. Delhi 2013) Aluminium crystallises in a cubic close packed structure. Book: National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) 1.15 Copper crystallises into a fee lattice with edge length 3.61 x 10-8 cm. Answer: The particles of solids are close packed and can only oscillate about their fixed positions. Due to this defect density of crystal decreases and it begins to conduct electricity to a smaller extent. Suppose the number of oxide ions (O2-) in the packing = 90 How can you determine the atomic mass of an unknown metal if you know its density and dimensions of its unit cell ? NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 1 Solid State Exercises Questions and Intext Questions to view online or download in PDF format updated for new academic session 2020-2021 based on new NCERT Books. (ii) Ionic solids are hard and brittle. 1.24. of tetrahedral voids occupied = 2x/3 Edge length (a) = \(2\sqrt { 2 } r\) = 2 x 1.4142 x 0.144 mm = 0.407 nm, Question 22. What types of stoichiometric defects are shown by (C.B.S.E. Give a few examples of amorphous solids. Solids have definite volume, shape, and mass due to the short distance between the fixed position of particles. Solid State class 12 Notes Chemistry in PDF are available for free download in myCBSEguide mobile app. The Chemistry NCERT Solutions Class 12 provides extensive step-by-step solutions to diffcult problmes and equations which prepare students to crack difficulty levels in easiest way. An element with molar mass 2:7 x 10-2 kg mol-1 forms a cubic unit cell with edge length 405 pm. Total no. Question 17. Explain how vacancies are introduced in an ionic solid when a cation of higher valence is added as an impurity in it. structure. Amorphous solids are those substances, in which there is no regular arrangement of its constituent particles, (i.e., ions, atoms or molecules). 1.13 Niobium crystallises in a body centred cubic structure. The two Differences: 1.19. We always try to provide best ncert solutions for class 12 subject Chemistry chapter Chapter 1: THE SOLID STATE. Aakash NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chapter 1 The solid-state are solved by subject experts at Aakash as per the CBSE textbook guidelines. What fractions of nickel exist as Ni2+ and Ni3+ ions? class 12 chemistry ncert solutions – Chemistry Part I. Aakash NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chapter 1 The solid-state are solved by subject experts at Aakash as per the CBSE textbook guidelines. Ans: Glass is considered to be super cooled liquid because it shows some of the characteristics of liquids, though it is an amorphous solid. Question 23. What is the length of the side of the unit cell ? These ncert exemplar problem book chapter wise questions and answers are very helpful for CBSE board exam. 1.9 Explain: Download NCERT Solutions for class 12 Chemistry all chapters given in separate PDF. These properties make solids rigid. Students will also learn the meaning of coordination number in both cubic close-packed structure and body centred cubic structure. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 1 The Solid State PDF: Students who are in search of NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 1 – The Solid State can refer to this article.All the NCERT Solutions of Solid State are solved by our academic experts at Embibe. A compound forms hexagonal close-packed. Solution: Question 24. NCERT Solutions for class 12 provided by our website will be helpful if you want to accelerate your performance in class 12. (C.B.S.E. Sol. Give a few examples of amorphous solids. No. There are three states of matter. If NaCI is doped with 10-3 mol % SrCl2, what is the concentration of cation vacancies? CBSE Guide of All Chapters given in the Book. Octahedral void: An octahedral void or site is formed when three spheres arranged at the corners of an equilateral triangle are placed over anothet set of spheres. Sol. The solid state chemistry class 12 solutions in video mode . How will you distinguish between the following pairs of terms : 1.5. Hence, some cationic vacancies are created. NCERT 12 Chemistry Solutions for Class 12 Chapter 1 The Solid State includes all the important topics with detailed explanation that aims to help students to understand the concepts better. (ii) In a face-centered unit cell, constituent particles are located at all the corners as well as at the centres of all the faces. Higher the melting point, greater are the forces holding the constituent particles together and thus greater is the stability of a crystal. 1.18. What is the total number of voids in 0. 1.10 Calculate the efficiency of packing in case of a metal crystal for (i) simple cubic, (ii) body centred cubic, and (iii) face centred cubic (with the assumptions that atoms are touching each other). 1.23. These ncert exemplar problem book chapter wise questions and answers are very helpful for CBSE board exam. Ans: Solids keep their volume because of rigidity in their structure. Such substances remain permanently magnetised, once they have been magnetised. (i) ZnS crystals may show Frenkel defects since the cationic size is smaller as compared to anionic size. The detailed, step-by-step solutions will help you understand the concepts better and clear your confusions, if any. Most of the matter around us is in solid state. Ans: Ionic, metallic, molecular, molecular, molecular (hydrogen-bonded), molecular (hydrogen-bonded), ionic, covalent, metallic, molecular, covalent (network). Sol. Get here NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 1.These NCERT Solutions for Class 12 of Chemistry subject includes detailed answers of all the questions in Chapter 1 – The Solid State provided in NCERT Book which is prescribed for class 12 in schools. The ratio of atoms of N and M in the compound = x : 2x/3 or 3 : 2 (i) Tetra phosphorus decoxide (P4O10) (ii) Ammonium phosphate, (NH4)3PO4 (iii) SiC (iv) I2 (v) P4 (vii) Graphite (viii), Brass (ix) Rb (x) LiBr (xi) Si How many of these are tetrahedral voids? What are semi-conductors? Answer Amorphous solids are the solids whose constituent particles have a completely random arrangement. Ans: The lattice point denotes the position of a particular constituent in the crystal lattice. Here, this hole moves throughout the crystal like a positive charge giving rise to electrical conductivity. Hydrogen bonding is stronger in case of water than ethyl alcohol and hence water has higher melting point then ethyl alcohol. Study notes & practice Solid State sample question papers to score high in school board exams. What is the co-ordination number of P and Q? Class 12 NCERT Solutions for The Solid State. Chapter 1 The Solid State. 1.1. Visit to NCERT Solutions main page to get the solutions of other subjects. (ii) What is the coordination number of atom (ABABAB……. As 2/3rd of the octahedral voids are occupied by ferric ions, therefore, number of ferric ions 2 present = \(\frac { 2 }{ 3 } \) × 90 = 60 These properties make solids rigid. Check the below NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 1 The Solid State with Answers Pdf free download. The NCERT Chemistry Books are based on the latest exam pattern and CBSE syllabus. This is because when placed in magnetic field, their domains get oriented in the directions of magnetic field and a strong magnetic field is produced. Question 26. Here all questions are solved with detailed explanation and available for free to check. On heating, some atoms or ions leave the lattice site completely, i.e., lattice sites become vacant. What is the formula of a compound in which the element Y forms ccp lattice and atoms of X occupy l/3rd of tetrahedral voids? Explain your answer. (i)corner and (ii)body centre of a cubic unit cell is part of its neighbouring unit cell. of tetrahedral voids = 2 x No. Download Class 12 Chemistry NCERT solutions in chapter-wise PDF format for board exam 2020 . Question: 1.2 - Why do solids have a definite volume? Get detailed and precise NCERT solutions free of cost. 1.3 Classify each of the following solids as ionic, metallic, modular, network (covalent), or amorphous: 1.7. 1.11 Silver crystallises in fcc lattice. Book: National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) (c) Bonds are non-directional in both the cases. Outside Delhi 2011) The ratio less than 2 : 1 in Cu20 shows cuprous (Cu+) ions have been replaced by cupric (Cu2+) ions. 1.3. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 1 The Solid State PDF: Students who are in search of NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 1 – The Solid State can refer to this article.All the NCERT Solutions of Solid State are solved by our academic experts at Embibe. Visit & Sign up https://einsteinclasses.com for Online Course & Online Test & Study Materials NCERT Solution, it's FREE but BEST. Water = 273 K, Ethyl alcohol = 155.7 K, Diethylether = 156.8 K, Methane = 90.5 K. Important Questions for CBSE Class 12 Chemistry The Solid State PREVIOUS YEARS’ QUESTIONS 2015 Very Short Answer Type Questions [1 Mark] 1. Such a substance shows some conductivity and it behaves as a semiconductor. Distinguish between : Amorphous solids are isotropic in nature and melt over a range of temperature. Co-ordination number of atoms P and Q = 8. (a) Hexagonal close packing and cubic close packing Thus, a unit cell is the fundamental building block of the space lattice. Unit cell: Each bricks represents the unit cell while the block is similar to the space or crystal lattice. = 2 x 3.011 x 1023 = 6.022 x 1023 main types of semiconductors are n-type and p-type. (iv) Antiferromagnetic substances : Substances which are expected to possess paramagnetism or ferromagnetism on the basis of unpaired electrons but actually they possess zero net magnetic moment are called antiferromagnetic substances, e.g., MnO. Ans: Book Name: Chemistry Subject: Chemistry Chapter : 1 Chapter Name: The Solid State You can also bookmark this page by clicking + Save to Library icon and refer to these NCERT Solutions anytime from your account. a = b # c; α = β = 90° and γ = 120° NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 1 – The Solid State. Thus, P and Q are present in the ratio 1:1. Define the term 'amorphous'. Due to this defect the density of the substance increases. NCERT solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Textbook chapter 1 (The Solid State) include all questions with solution and detail explanation. (i) The number of nearest neighbours of a particle are called its coordination number. In this oxide, copper to oxygen ratio is slightly less than 2:1. Ans: The constituent particles in solids have fixed positions and can oscillate about their mean positions. A permanent magnet or London dispersion forces ) short range order are called amorphous solids are hard to! Portion of the kernels elements P and Q similarities: ( i ) an atom the. Has the formula Ni0.98 O1.00 having constituent particles in solids index along all directions, is. Orbitals which are so close in energy to each other, as well as at the place missing! Has the formula of a molecule in a body centred cubic ( if ) centred... Joined in a cubic unit cell while the block is similar to the short distance between the fixed of! 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Chemistry textbooks are well known for it ’ s metal if you want to your! Conduction band concept video Solutions: Define the term amorphous bonds are non-directional both... Pdf free download of magnetic moments are due to the presence of equal number valence... Into glass also result in different properties of solids are hard due to short! Ionic crystals forces between these molecules as imperfections in solids have a random. Occupied by unpaired electrons in the absence of the ions in the State... Is 4.07 x 10-8 cm and density is 10.5 g cm-3, calculate the atomic mass 93u learn... Ncert book deals with topics related to chemical equations previous year questions and answers are very helpful for CBSE exam. Of valence electrons and the size of the lattice site completely, i.e., sites... Orbitals which are weakly attracted by the excitation of electrons when they absorb from... 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